Detección de Rhodotorula sp., un potencial patógeno oportunista, en la mucosa nasal de cuyes (Cavia porcellus)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29076/issn.2602-8360vol8iss14.2024pp40-48pPalabras clave:
Cavia porcellus, cobayos, infección oportunista, Rhodotorula; ZoonosisResumen
Cepas de levaduras del género Rhodotorula pueden causar graves infecciones en humanos, pero también colonizan a animales domésticos o de granja, que actúan como reservorios de estos microorganismos. El contacto desprevenido con dichos animales puede causar enfermedades zoonóticas. En este trabajo se reporta el aislamiento fortuito de una cepa de Rhodotorula sp. a partir de la mucosa nasal de cuyes domésticos (Cavia porcellus) criados para consumo humano, en la Provincia de Cañar, Ecuador. La caracterización de la cepa permitió comprobar que la misma expresa algunos factores de virulencia, como la producción de fosfolipasas y hemolisinas; además, la cepa resultó resistente a tres antifúngicos de uso terapéutico: fluconazol, voriconazol y miconazol. La secuenciación y análisis bioinformático de la región ITS de esta cepa permitió establecer que está relacionada filogenéticamente con cepas de Rhodotorula taiwanensis y R. glutinis, ambas especies señaladas como patógenos oportunistas del ser humano. La presencia de este tipo de cepas de microorganismos potencialmente patógenos, en los tejidos de cuyes criados con fines de consumo, debe considerarse con detenimiento, pues podrían representar señales de alarma que requieran de una mayor vigilancia.
Descargas
Referencias
Tuon F, Costa S. Rhodotorula infection. A systematic review of 128 cases from literature. Rev Iberoam Micol. 2008; 25(3): 135-40.
Butinar L, Santos S, Spencer I, Oren A, Gunde N. Yeast diversity in hypersaline habitats. FEMS Microbiology Letters. 2005; 244(2): 229-34.
Cantrell S, Casillas L, Molina M. Characterization of fungi from hypersaline environments of solar salterns using morphological and molecular techniques. Mycological research. 2006; 110(8): 962-70.
Wirth F, Goldani L. Epidemiology of Rhodotorula: an emerging pathogen. Interdisciplinary perspectives on infectious diseases. 2012 Sept: 1-7
Chattopadhyay P, Chatterjee S, Sen S. Biotechnological potential of natural food grade biocolorants. African Journal of Biotechnology. 2008; 7(17): 2972-85.
Arendrup M, Boekhout T, Akova M, Meis J, Cornely O, Lortholary O. ESCMID and ECMM joint clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and management of rare invasive yeast infections. Clinical Microbiology and Infection. European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases. 2014;20 (Suppl 3: S76–98).
Krzyściak P, Macura A. Drug susceptibility of 64 strains of Rhodotorula sp. Wiadomosci parazytologiczne. 2010;56(2): 167–70.
Dworecka B, Krutkiewicz A, S|zopa D, Kleczkowski M,Biegańska, M. High prevalence of Candida yeast in milk samples from cows suffering from mastitis in Poland. The Scientific World Journal. 2012 Decem: 1-5
Wawron W, Bochniarz M, Piech T. Yeast mastitis in dairy cows in the middle-eastern part of Poland. Bull Vet Inst Pulawy. 2010; 54(2):201–204.
Alvarez S, Mateos A, Dominguez L, Martinez E, Blanco J, Garcia M. Isolation of Rhodotorula mucilaginosa from skin lesions in a Southern sea lion (Otaria flavescens): a case report. Vet Med. 2010;55(6):297–301.
Krzysciak P. Evaluation of selected virulence factors of Rhodotorula fungi. [Ph.D. Thesis]. [Cracovia]: Collegium Medicum, Jagielonian University; 2010. 122 p. (tesis)
Cafarchia C, Romito D, Coccioli C, Camarda A, Otranto D. Phospholipase activity of yeasts from wild birds and possible implications for human disease. Med Mycol. 2008;46(5):429–34.
Amaral R, Ibanez J, Mamizuka E, Gambale W, de Paula C, Larsson C. Microbiota indígena do meato acústico externo de gatos hígidos. Ciência Rural. 1998; 28(3):4441–45.
Brotto T, Andrade M, Gonc¸alves M, Gimenis F, Pina A. Identification of fungi microflora in the ear conducts of rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) kept in captivity. Braz J Vet Res Anim Sci. 2005; 42(6):459–64.
Shokri H, Khosravi A, Sharifzadeh A, Tootian Z. Isolation and identification of yeast flora from genital tract in healthy female camels (Camelus dromedarius). Vet Microbiol. 2010;144(1–2):183–6.
Pérez E, Fernández L, Pérez E. Fungemia causada por Rhodotorula en un lactante crítico. Rev Cubana Pediat. 2019; 91(1): e639-647.
Duggal S, Jain H, Tyagi A, Sharma A, Chugh T. Rhodotorula fungemia: two cases and a brief review. Medical Mycology. 2011; 49(8): 879–82.
Kitazawa T, Ishigaki S, Seo K, Yoshino Y, Ota Y. Catheter-related bloodstream infection due to Rhodotorula mucilaginosa with normal serum (1→3)-β-D-glucan level. J Mycol Med. 2018; 28(2):393-95.
Deepa A, Nair B, Sivakumar T, Joseph A. Uncommon opportunistic fungal infections of oral cavity: a review. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol. 2014;18(2):235–43.
Melville PA, Cogliati B, Mangiaterra MB, Ruz M, Moura SC, Matsuda L, et al. Determination of the microbiota present in cloaca and oropharynx of clinically normal ostriches (Strutio camellus). Cienc Rural. 2004; 34(6):1871–6.
Medina R, Fuentes R, Arteaga B, Valcárcel R, Arbelo A, Padilla D, et al. Pigeons and their droppings as reservoirs of Candida and other zoonotic yeasts. Rev Iberoam Micol. 2017; 34(4):211–14.
Dornelles G, Araújo G, Rodrigues M, Alves V, Costa R, Abreu J, et al. Harris' hawk (Parabuteo unicinctus) as a source of pathogenic human yeasts: a potential risk to human health. Future Microbiol. 2022;17 (3): 169-75.
Buela L, Cuenca M, Sarmiento J, Peláez D, Mendoza AY, Cabrera EJ, Yarzábal LA. Role of guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) raised as livestock in Ecuadorian Andes as reservoirs of zoonotic yeasts. Animals. 2022; 12(24):3449.
Price M, Wilkinson I, Gentry L. Plate method for detection of phospholipase activity in Candida albicans. Sabouraudia. 1982; 20(1):7-14.
Luo G, Samaranayake L, Yau J. Candida species exhibit differential in vitro hemolytic activities. J Clin Microbiol. 2001; 39(8):2971-4.
Deorukhkar S, Saini S, Mathew S. Virulence factors contributing to pathogenicity of Candida tropicalis and its antifungal susceptibility profile. International Journal of Microbiology. 2014; 2014: 1-6.
de Llanos R, Fernández MT, Querol A. A comparison of clinical and food Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolates on the basis of potential virulence factors. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 2006; 90(3):221-31.
Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) Method for Antifungal Disk Diffusion Susceptibility Testing of Yeasts. 3rd ed. 2018 CLSI Guideline M44. Wayne, Pennsylvania 19087 USA.
Almeida G, Bernardi T, Carvalho P, Menegotto M, Valente P. Rapid yeast DNA extraction by boiling and freeze-thawing without using chemical reagents and DNA purification. Braz Arch Biol Technol. 2012; 55(2): 319-25.
White T, Bruns T, Lee S, Taylor J. Amplification and direct sequencing of fungal ribosomal RNA genes for phylogenetics. PCR protocols: a guide to methods and applications. 1990; 18(1): 315-22.
Gardes M, Bruns T. ITS primers with enhanced specificity for basidiomycetes--application to the identification of mycorrhizae and rusts. Mol Ecol. 1993; 2(2):113-8.
Kumar S, Stecher G, Li M, Knyaz C, Tamura K. MEGA X: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis across Computing Platforms. Mol Biol Evol. 2018;35(6):1547-49.
Saitou N, Nei M. The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol Biol Evol. 1987; 4(4): 406-25.
Huang C, Lee F, Tien J, Hsieh PW. Rhodotorula taiwanensis sp. nov., a novel yeast species from a plant in Taiwan. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 2011; 99(2): 297-302.
Zhao X, Aizawa T, Schneider J, Wang C, Shen R, Sunairi M. Complete mitochondrial genome of the aluminum-tolerant fungus Rhodotorula taiwanensis RS1 and comparative analysis of Basidiomycota mitochondrial genomes. Microbiologyopen 2013; 2(2): 308–17.
Ioannou P, Vamvoukaki R, Samonis G. Rhodotorula species infections in humans: A systematic review. Mycoses. 2019; 62 (2): 90-100.
Arron S, Dimon M, Li Z, Johnson M, Wood T, Feeney L, et al. High Rhodotorula sequences in skin transcriptome of patients with diffuse systemic sclerosis. J Invest Dermatol. 2014; 134(8): 2138-145.
Aruo, S. K. (1980). Necrotizing cutaneous rhodotorulosis in chickens in Uganda. Avian Diseases. 1980; 23(4): 1038-43.
Monga D, Garg D. Ovine pulmonary infection caused by Rhodotorula rubra. Mycoses. 1980; 23(4): 208-11.
Kadota K, Uchida K, Nagatomo T, Goto Y, Shinjo T, Hasegawa T, Tateyama, S. Granulomatous epididymitis related to Rhodotorula glutinis infection in a dog. Veterinary Pathology. 1995, 32(6): 716-18.
Bourdeau P, Hubert B, Magnol J. Suspicion de dermatomycosea Rhodotorula mucilaginosa chez un chat infecté par le FeLV et le FIV. Recueil de Médecine Veterinaire. 1992. 168(2):91-96.
Costa EO, Gandra C, Pires M, Coutinho S, Castilho W, Teixeira CM. Survey of bovine mycotic mastitis in dairy herds in the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Mycopathologia. 1993; 124(1): 13–17.
Melville P, Cogliati B, Mangiaterra M, Peres M, Moura, S, Matsuda L, et al. Determinação da microbiota presente na cloaca e orofaringe de avestruzes (Struthio camelus) clinicamente sadios. Ciência Rural. 2004;34(6):1871-76.
Pandey N, Gupta M, Tilak R. Extracellular hydrolytic enzyme activities of the different Candida spp. isolated from the blood of the Intensive Care Unit-admitted patients. J Lab Physicians. 2018; 10(4):392-96.
Seifi Z, Mahmoudabadi A, Hydrinia S, Halvaeezadeh M. Extracellular enzymes production and biofilm formation in Rhodotorula species. Current Enzyme Inhibition. 2016; 12(2): 155-60.
Farmakiotis D, Kontoyiannis D. Epidemiology of antifungal resistance in human pathogenic yeasts: current viewpoint and practical recommendations for management. Int J Antimicrob Agents. 2017; 50(3): 318-24.
Pfaller M, Diekema D, Gibbs D, Newell V, Ellis D, Tullio V, et al. Global Antifungal Surveillance Group. Results from the ARTEMIS DISK Global Antifungal Surveillance Study, 1997 to 2007: a 10.5-year analysis of susceptibilities of Candida Species to fluconazole and voriconazole as determined by CLSI standardized disk diffusion. J Clin Microbiol. 2010; 48(1): 1366-77.
Rasmussen T, Kirkeby L, Poulsen K, Reinholdt J, KilianM. Resident aerobic microbiota of the adult human nasal cavity. APMIS. 2000; 108(10): 663–75.
Amman B, Pavlin B, Albarino C, Comer J, Erickson B, Oliver J, et al. Pet rodents and fatal lymphocytic choriomeningitis in transplant patients. Emerg Infect Dis. 2007; 13(5): 719–25.
Lutz-Wohlgroth L, Becker A, Brugnera E, Huat Z, Zimmermann D, Grimm F, et al. Chlamydiales in guinea-pigs and their zoonotic potential. J Vet Med A Physiol Pathol Clin Med. 2006; 53(4): 185–93.
Fredriksson M, Lindström M, Korkeala H. Yersinia enterocolitica and Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. Pathogens and toxins in foods: challenges and interventions. 2009 Jun: 164-180.
Gruszynski K, Young A, Levine S, Garvin J, Brown S, Turner L, Fritzinger A, et al. Streptococcus equi subsp zooepidemicus infections associated with guinea pigs. Emerg Infect Dis. 2015; 21(6): 156–15.
Walther B, Wieler L, Vincze S, Antão E, Brandenburg A, Stamm I, et al. MRSA variant in companion animals. Emerging infectious diseases. 2012; 18(12): 2017-20.
González L, Esteban J, Bargues M, Valero M, Ortiz P, Naquira C, et al. Hyper-endemic human fascioliasis in Andean valleys: An altitudinal transect analysis in children of Cajamarca province, Peru. Acta Trop. 2011; 120(1-2): 119–29.
Gabastou J, Proano J, Vimos A, Jaramillo G, Hayes E, Gage K, et al. An outbreak of plague including cases with probable pneumonic infection, Ecuador. 1998. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2000; 94 (4): 387–91.
Levy M, Bowman N, Kawai V, Waller L, Cornejo J, Cordova E, et al. Periurban Trypanosoma cruzi-infected Triatoma infestans, Arequipa, Peru. Emerg Infect Dis. 2006; 12(9): 1345–52.
Zambrano M, Rodríguez S, Rivera I, Salas M, Caceres M, de Waard J, et al. Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus carriage among guinea pigs raised as livestock in Ecuador. One Health. 2020; 9:100118.
Leyva V, Mubareka S, Krammer F, Cárdenas W, Palese P. Influenza virus infection in Guinea pigs raised as livestock, Ecuador. Emerg Infect Dis. 2012; 18(7): 1135–37.
Seyedmousavi S, Guillot J, Tolooe A, Verweij P, de Hoog G. Neglected fungal zoonoses: hidden threats to man and animals. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2015; 21 (5): 416-25.
Publicado
Número
Sección
Licencia
Todos los artículos de la Revista FACSalud UNEMI son difundidos bajo licencia internacional Creative Commons Reconocimiento-NoComercial-SinObrasDerivadas 4.0.
Los autores mantienen los derechos de autor, y, por lo tanto, son libres de compartir, copiar, distribuir, ejecutar y comunicar públicamente la obra bajo las condiciones siguientes: Reconocer los créditos de la obra especificada por el autor e indicar si se realizaron cambios (puede hacerlo de cualquier forma razonable, pero no de una manera que sugiera que el autor respalda el uso que hace de su obra. No utilizar la obra para fines comerciales. En caso de remezcla, transformación o desarrollo, no puede distribuirse el material modificado.
