Evolución de componentes de computación cuántica y mediciones cuánticas no destructivas en la informática moderna. //Evolution of quantum computing components and non-destructive quantum measurements in modern computing.
Resumen
El presente trabajo, realiza una breve introducción a las medidas QND (Quantum nondemolition measurement) y sus características. Además, se describe teóricamente un qubit acoplado a un oscilador armónico cuántico forzado como ejemplo de una medición QND en un qubit. El formalismo desarrollado para este tipo de sistemas cuánticos acoplados se desenvuelve dentro de la teoría cuántica de la computación. Como parte del estudio de las mediciones QND, se introducen los qubits de flujo que hacen uso de los interferómetros superconductores cuánticos (SQUIDs). El análisis de este esquema informático intenta introducir al lector en los conceptos de computación cuántica como el quibit que es el componente base que permite procesar información de forma cuántica. El objetivo de este trabajo es caracterizar si las medidas elaboradas sobre el qubit acoplado son o no QND. En este sentido, la aplicación del formalismo expuesto permitirá vislumbrar los alcances y limitaciones de los qubits acoplados en el desarrollo y aplicación de los sistemas cuánticos de la computación hasta el día de hoy. Adicionalmente, la aplicación de esta teoría se puede emplear a mediciones QND sobre qubits superconductores articulados a un oscilador armónico cuántico. Todo este proceso es sujeto al análisis y metodología que nos proporciona la historia de la ciencia y la tecnología. AbstractThe present work makes a brief introduction to QND (Quantum non demolition measurement) measurements and its characteristics. In addition, a qubit coupled to a forced quantum harmonic oscillator which is described theoretically as an example of a QND measurement in a qubit. The formalism developed for this type of coupled quantum systems is developed within the quantum theory of computation. As part of the study of QND measurements, the flow qubits making use of quantum superconducting interferometers (SQUIDs) are introduced. The analysis of this computer schema attempts to introduce the reader to the concepts of quantum computing such as qubit, which is the basic component that allows information to be processed quantumly. The objective of this work is to characterize whether the elaborated measures on the coupled qubit are QND or not. In this sense, the application of the exposed formalism will allow us to glimpse the scope and limitations of coupled qubits in the development and application of quantum computing systems to this day. Additionally, the application of this theory can be applied to QND measurements on superconducting qubits coupled to a quantum harmonic oscillator. All this process is subject to the analysis and methodology provided by the history of science and technology.Descargas
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