METACOGNITIVE SKILLS IN LEARNING PROCESSES IN HIGHER EDUCATION: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW 2017-2022

Abstract

Abstract: Metacognition is attracting more and more interest in the field of education, since it allows analyzing thought processes, their functioning and structure. It is positioned as an essential element in the understanding of learning today, by generating awareness, control and autonomy, encouraging the student to discover their way of learning, which leads to the investigation of various variables such as knowledge, skills, strategies, motivation, among others, and its effects on learning. The objective was to determine the metacognitive strategies used by university students in their learning process, through a systematic review between the years 2017 and 2022. The methodology was based on the PRISMA Declaration and the search was carried out in the Springer databases. and Taylor; Based on the purification criteria, 50 articles were analyzed. In the reviewed articles, it was found that the learning strategies that are used most frequently among university students correspond to feedback, reflection journals, peer learning, among others. These results allowed us to conclude that it is necessary to determine and deepen the effectiveness of some strategies such as feedback, although its effectiveness has been questioned frequently.