Análise bibliométrica da evolução científica da doença de Parkinson e seu diagnóstico utilizando biomarcadores bioquímicos
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29076/issn.2602-8360vol10iss18.2026pp139-152pPalavras-chave:
Bibliometria, Doença de Parkinson, heterogeneidade clínica, líquido cefalorraquidiano, NfL plasmáticoResumo
A doença de Parkinson (DP) é uma das principais causas de incapacidade neurológica em todo o mundo, caracterizada por sua progressão crônica e ausência de cura. Nesse contexto, este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a evolução científica da DP e seu diagnóstico utilizando biomarcadores bioquímicos por meio de uma análise bibliométrica retrospectiva e descritiva com abordagem quantitativa, baseada nas diretrizes PRISMA de 2020. Esta análise avaliou 9.983 registros iniciais no PubMed, dos quais 49 foram incluídos após a triagem. Os resultados mostraram um aumento sustentado nas publicações, passando de 874 em 2015 para 1.390 em 2025, com a China (n=9.643) e os Estados Unidos (n=7.726) sendo os países mais representados. A rede de coocorrências refletiu a integração de abordagens clínicas, diagnósticas e terapêuticas, enquanto o mapa temático mostrou uma mudança em direção a linhas de pesquisa mais especializadas. Além disso, confirmou-se a heterogeneidade clínica da DP e identificaram-se biomarcadores com alta sensibilidade, como LRRK2 (Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2) (95,4%) e NfL plasmático (Neurofilament Light Chains in Plasma) (91,5%), bem como alta especificidade para beta-amiloide (91,1%) e ApoA1 (Apolipoproteína A-1) (91%). Os biomarcadores do líquido cefalorraquidiano demonstraram maior acurácia diagnóstica. Em conclusão, a pesquisa sobre DP evoluiu para uma abordagem integrativa que requer padronização e colaboração científica.
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