Evaluación de extractos de desechos de toronja (Citrus paradisi) como sustancia bioactiva para formulación de un desinfectante para alimentos frescos

Adonis Bello-Alarcón; Meribary Monsalve-Paredes; Celeste Carrillo-Tomalá

doi:10.29076/issn.2528-7737vol13iss34.2020pp28-33p

Adonis Bello-Alarcón Universidad de Guayaquil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7664-4484
Meribary Monsalve-Paredes Universidad de Guayaquil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4883-806X
Celeste Carrillo-Tomalá Universidad de Guayaquil https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4864-4329

DOI: https://doi.org/10.29076/issn.2528-7737vol13iss34.2020pp28-33p

Palabras clave: Toronja, Citrus paradisi, antimicrobiana

Resumen

La búsqueda de antimicrobianos naturales que puedan ser utilizados como productos de desinfección de frutas y vegetales frescos es una necesidad de los consumidores y la industria de alimentos mínimamente procesados. En Ecuador, se utilizan productos con esta finalidad cuyas materias primas son importadas, por tal motivo se planteó evaluar una sustancia bioactiva a partir de los desechos de la producción nacional de toronja. Las semillas, el albedo (mesocarpio) y la cáscara (exocarpio) se sometieron a procesos de extracción por Soxhlet, utilizando etanol como disolvente. Para cada extracto se evaluó su actividad antimicrobiana por el método de difusión de Kirby-Bauer modificado (pozos) frente a diferentes patógenos: Pseudomona aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli y Rhizopus stoleiner. Los extractos de albedo y cáscara presentaron actividad antibacteriana frente a E. coli y S. aureus, mientras que el extracto de semillas no mostró sensibilidad frente a ninguno de los microorganismos, a la concentración ensayada. A partir de estos resultados se prepararon diferentes mezclas de los extractos bioactivos manteniendo la actividad antibacteriana y logrando actividad antifúngica frente a R. stoleiner. Este último resultado fue superior al obtenido para la evaluación de un producto comercial con principio activo de semillas de toronja.

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